Bookkeeping for Food Trucks

Serve great food. Know your margins.

Food costs, permits, locations, and weather — running a food truck is a financial puzzle. Here's how to track everything and actually know what you're making.

In this guide
  1. Why food truck bookkeeping is uniquely challenging
  2. Understanding food cost and COGS
  3. Tax deductions for food trucks
  4. Tracking revenue by location
  5. Cash management for food trucks
  6. Waste, theft, and portion control
  7. Common food truck bookkeeping mistakes
  8. Your first 30 days: getting food truck books set up

Why food truck bookkeeping is uniquely challenging

Food trucks combine the complexity of a restaurant with the unpredictability of a mobile business:

Understanding food cost and COGS

COGS (cost of goods sold) is what you spend on ingredients and packaging for the food you sell. It's the most important number in your business.

Target food cost percentages

How to calculate

Food Cost % = (Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory) ÷ Revenue

Example: You start the week with $500 in inventory, buy $1,200 in ingredients, and end with $400 in inventory. Your food cost is $1,300. If weekly revenue is $4,000, food cost % = 32.5%.

Menu pricing based on food cost

If your target food cost is 30%, and a taco costs $1.50 in ingredients, price it at $1.50 ÷ 0.30 = $5.00. Round to menu-friendly numbers ($5 or $5.50). Track actual vs. theoretical food cost to catch waste, over-portioning, or theft.

Track food costs without a spreadsheet

Hivebooks connects to your bank and credit cards. Sysco deliveries, Restaurant Depot runs, and farmer's market purchases all flow in automatically. See your actual food cost percentage by week or month — not a guess, a real number.

Start Free →

Tax deductions for food trucks

Food and ingredients (COGS)

Everything you buy to make the food you sell is deductible as COGS. This is your largest deduction.

Truck expenses

The truck itself is a depreciable asset — use Section 179 to deduct the full purchase price in year one (up to $1,220,000).

Commissary kitchen

Most cities require food trucks to use a licensed commissary for prep, storage, and cleaning. Monthly commissary fees ($500-2,000) are fully deductible.

Permits and licenses

Equipment

Grills, fryers, refrigeration, POS systems, generators — all deductible via Section 179 or depreciation.

Packaging and supplies

Containers, utensils, napkins, bags, cups — fully deductible. Buy in bulk and track the expense.

Marketing

Social media advertising, food photography, website, printed menus — all deductible.

Labor

Employee wages and payroll taxes, or payments to prep helpers (1099 if contractor).

Not sure about a deduction? Ask Buzz.

"Is the commissary rent deductible?" "Can I deduct the generator fuel?" "What about the food truck wrap?" Buzz — the AI in Hivebooks — answers tax questions in plain English.

Try Buzz Free →

Tracking revenue by location

Not all locations are equal. A food truck owner should know:

How to track: Tag each day's revenue by location. Over a month, you'll see clear winners and losers. Drop underperforming locations and double down on profitable ones.

Event math: A festival might gross $5,000 in a day, but after the $500 vendor fee, $1,500 in extra food costs, $200 in extra labor, and $100 in fuel/setup, your profit is $2,700. Compare that to a regular day netting $800. Events aren't always better — do the math.

Cash management for food trucks

Cash is common in food trucks. Here's how to manage it:

Count daily

Count your cash drawer at the start and end of every shift. The difference (minus the starting float) is your cash revenue. Record it immediately.

Deposit regularly

Deposit cash at least twice a week. Sitting on cash creates security risk and makes it easy to "forget" transactions.

Track cash vs. card sales

Your POS system should break down cash vs. card. Reconcile the POS report against your actual cash count and bank deposits. Discrepancies indicate waste, theft, or recording errors.

The IRS and cash businesses

Cash-heavy businesses get more IRS scrutiny. Clean records are your best defense. Track every dollar in and out. If you're audited, organized books prove you're honest.

Waste, theft, and portion control

In a food business, "missing money" often isn't theft — it's waste and over-portioning:

Theoretical vs. actual food cost

Theoretical: Based on recipes and menu prices, your food cost should be 30%.

Actual: Based on purchases and revenue, your food cost is 36%.

That 6% gap on $200K revenue = $12,000 in lost profit. Common causes: over-portioning, spoilage, dropped/returned orders, and employee meals. Track both numbers monthly.

Portion control saves thousands

Use portion cups, scales, and standardized recipes. An extra ounce of protein per serving at $8/lb costs you $0.50 per item. Sell 100/day, that's $50/day or $18,000/year.

See your real food cost percentage

Hivebooks tracks your ingredient purchases and revenue automatically. See your actual food cost percentage by week or month. Spot waste, over-portioning, or cost increases before they eat your profit.

Start Free →

Common food truck bookkeeping mistakes

1. Not tracking food cost weekly

Monthly is too late. By the time you see a food cost spike in your monthly P&L, you've been losing money for 4 weeks. Track weekly.

2. Ignoring cash revenue

Unreported cash income is tax evasion. Track every dollar. Deposit regularly. Your books should match your POS reports.

3. Not tracking by location

If you don't know which spots are profitable, you can't optimize your schedule. Tag revenue by location.

4. Forgetting about permits in your costs

Health permits, event fees, and location permits add up to $2,000-5,000/year. Include them in your cost analysis per location.

5. Not separating personal and business

Eating your own inventory without tracking it reduces your margins and inflates food cost. Record everything — including what you and employees consume.

Your first 30 days: getting food truck books set up

  1. Open a business bank account. All revenue goes in, all expenses come out.
  2. Sign up for Hivebooks and connect your bank, credit card, and payment processor.
  3. Set up categories: Food/Ingredients (COGS), Packaging, Fuel, Truck Maintenance, Permits/Licenses, Commissary, Insurance, Marketing, Labor.
  4. Start daily cash counts. Record cash revenue even if you deposit weekly.
  5. Calculate your menu food costs. Price ingredients per recipe and set target prices.
  6. Track revenue by location — even a simple spreadsheet helps until you build the habit.
  7. Run a weekly food cost report: (Purchases - Inventory Change) ÷ Revenue.
  8. Set aside 30% for taxes.

Serve food. Know margins.

Free bookkeeping for food trucks. Track food costs, locations, and profit automatically. No credit card required.

Start Free →